Which of the following correctly defines a multiplication fact?

A multiplication fact is indeed defined as a complete multiplication equation that consists of two factors and a product. This means it's a statement that shows the operation of multiplication clearly, such as 3 × 4 = 12, where 3 and 4 are the factors, and 12 is the product. This concept is foundational in mathematics, serving to illustrate the relationship between the factors and the result of their multiplication.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately capture what a multiplication fact is. A single number multiplied by zero is essentially the concept of the zero property of multiplication rather than a multiplication fact itself. A sum of multiple results from previous multiplications describes a different operation – addition, rather than the direct multiplication relationship. An equation with variables and constants introduces complexity beyond what is meant by a simple multiplication fact, which ideally pertains to specific numerical values rather than algebraic expressions.